Which term describes assessments that use predefined criteria for grading?

The term that describes assessments using predefined criteria for grading is criterion assessments. These assessments evaluate student performance based on specific benchmarks or standards rather than comparing students against each other. In this context, mindfulness of the specific criteria allows educators to assess whether individual students have met the learning objectives set forth at the beginning of instruction.

Criterion assessments ensure that grading is objective and consistent across different assessors, as each student's work is measured against the same set criteria, allowing for clearer feedback and targeted interventions for students who may need further support. This structured approach contributes to the reliability and validity of the assessment process, making it a cornerstone of effective educational practice.

Other assessment types may involve different approaches. For instance, summative assessments typically evaluate student learning at the end of an instructional unit but don't necessarily focus on predefined criteria for grading alone. Normative assessments compare a student's performance with that of peers, while informal assessments lack the structured format and criteria connected to official grades.